Elliot Popenhagen
April 29th

losing and winning, of death and life, this cycle has always existed, yet, it affects people all the same. The question is how to escape from this cycle, also called Sansara. Sansara literally translates as "The wheel of birth and death, cycle of rebirth; empirical existence". However, it metaphorically means that every life form (meaning, even plants and animals) are inherently connected through the fact that life is eventually followed by death. In

important realization because he sees life and happiness for what it is, instead of being diluted and mislead to think it is something greater. Siddhartha next starts to question what will become all the holy practices and rituals. "...what would remain of all that appeared holy to us? What does remain? What is proving to have lasting value?" (18). Although Siddhartha's rituals and traditions were once important to him, he now starts to wonder if it was just the appearance of them that seemed important. He is starting to grasp that nothing is lasting and will remain. Siddhartha also starts to grasp the oneness of all beings.
Humans can understand Sansara through understanding unity. Siddhartha meets the Gautama Buddha and listens to his teachings. Although Siddhartha doesn't align with everything the Buddha says, he picks up a key fact. "But the oneness of the world, the continuum of all occurrences the enfolding of all things great and small within a single stream, a single law of causes, of becoming and of death, this shines brightly forth from your sublime doctrine, O Perfect One" (29). Siddhartha starts to realize that all the events that happen, are connected. This is a key element in his understanding of Sansara because he is realizing that instead of a random stream of events, life is formed by a loss and a win, by a life-and eventually- a death. Siddhartha goes to visit the merchant Kawaswami to apply for an internship with him. Kawaswami asks Siddhartha what his has to give in return and Siddhartha answers that he owns nothing. When Kawaswami asks if Siddhartha lives off others, he replies, "Each person gives, each person takes; such is life" (56). Siddhartha is realizing that humans give and take and that that is something that not only do they have in common, but it's also something that is not escapable. The fact that Siddhartha comes to the acceptance of the process of giving and taking shows that he is starts to understand Sansara more. Through the river, Siddhartha sees how life is on a constant flow, how it continues and changes at the same time. Once understanding of oneness and the understanding of how transitory the world is, understanding of Sansara can occur.
Once the awareness of the impermanence of life and the acknowledgment of the oneness of all beings helps to understand Sansara. Once Siddhartha realizes these two things, he easily starts to understand Sansara. As Siddhartha starts to suffer from the lose of his son, he also connects the dots. Siddhartha's father lost his son and now Siddhartha is losing his son and he realizes that this is where unity and

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